Get yourself a 7.5 or 10KG Lewmar Claw from West Marine or Trotac. Get yourself 350FT of 3/8 Nylon line (I don't use Samson braid myself), and for your boat, 45 ft of 3/6" chain(More chain the better, get as much as you think you can lift). Get yourself a decent size Scotsman float (I don't know the sizes, the one I use is about 24" across). Get a shackle, put through the bottom of the float, and then attache a 5" Stainless Metal Hoop (Looks like a little hula hoop) through it. You can attach the hoope with a larger stainless quick connector if you want to detach your float from your anchor setup when not in use. You will pass your anchor rode through this (The hoop) so you can pull it (The ANchor) back up simply by running your boat upstream and to the side a little bit of where your anchor set.
Tie it ALL together. When attaching the chain to your anchor, don't attach the chain to the shank, attach it to the hole near the "claw" end, then zip-tie the chain to the shank, so when your anchor is stuck, the zip ties will break and you get your anchor back. Use a couple of big zip-ties, or some of that white "rot cord" you use on Crab Traps.
Then, at the end of your rope that you wish to attach to your boat, run it through the 5 Inch stainless hoop (Get 'em at Capital Iron, DO NOT buy the expensive West Marine one). After the hoop (By that I mean the end going to your boat), get an 18" 5/16" Carrige Bolt, with some nylocks and fender washers. Position the nylocks and the fender washers in the middle of the bolt about 3/8" apart so you can tie the rope around it (The bolt), and the washers will keep it (The rope) centered. Leave about 6 feet of mylon rope AFTER this. The idea is once you play out your scope, the bolt will keep your rope from sliding any further through the "hoop" hanging under your float. On the 6 feet hanging off past the carrige bolt, tie 50ft of 3/8" YELLOW POLY rope. The end opposite the end you have tied to the nylon, put a little tiny float and a stainless snap. That way, when you get Mr. Big in a current, you can cut loose from your setup, chase him down, and come right back and hook it up because your snap will be hanging from the little float trailing downstream from your big float.
The reason you use Poly rope from your mainline to your boat is so while you are learning how to do all this, and your anchor rope gets caught in your motor, the poly rope will break before sinking your boat.
To attach the anchor to your boat, run a line from the lifting eye in the bow, through one of the lifting eyes in on your stern, then up to the nearest mooring cleat to the transom. Tie it off to the cleat. Your anchor will attach to this while you are fishing. When you put your anchor over the side, ensure that you are DOWNSTREAM from where the anchor hits the sea bed, if the rope is under your boat and you have any sort of current, you will go for a swim. Once it is on the bottom, play out your scope so you have some slack. Clip your anchor onto your slide line, throw the snap towards the bow, then just loop your slide line up over a cleat somewhere amidships. That way, if your boat does not immediatly bow into the current or waves, you will be pulling from the side of the boat, not the stern, and can simply crank the wheel and power into the wind to have the snap slide to your bow.
Once you have your limit of big fish, you just un-loop your slider from your amidships cleat, make sure you have a knife handy in case something goes wrong, and run upstream at about a 45 degree angle from where your anchor set ( You NEVER want it right under you). Your anchor will run up to the float, don't be afraid to pull it as fast as you can. When your chain goes through your hoop, the shank of your anchor will sit through the hoop, hanging under your float waiting for you, and then you stop your boat. THe weight of the chain will hold your anchor under the float, it should be out there bobbing away for you to pick up. If your float DOES NOT look like it has the weight of your anchor and chain under it, pull some more because you do NOT want that thing to hook up on bottom while you are pulling it in. Just pull in your anchor rode, store it, and go home to clean all those big fish.
Anchoring 101, if you can follow that, you are set. And no, don't try to be a man about throwing your anchor over, tying it to the bow, and try to pull it up by hand with no float. It is dangerous, and hard. Wolf and I have a mutual freind who tried that, and has the scars to show what happened LOL.