Survival rate high as in Low mortality perhaps this was unclear. returning adults
That's my understanding for what i've heard about the recent studies, some of them were captured multiple times too
i believe they also said there was no statistical difference for fish held out of the water under a certain amount of time too from fish released while being kept in the water.
What does “held out of the water under a certain amount of time” mean? Thrashing in a net on a deck out of the water, or pulled out of the water by the hook in its jaw then dropped back into the water once the hook is dislodged?
The big difference between C&R in the salt chuck and C&R on a river is that in a river, you can fine tune your C&R mortality studies based on the number of dead bodies you find in back eddies, victims of poor C&R handling techniques. In the salt chuck it’s conjecture—-did the fish swim away or was it sufficiently stressed that a seal got an easy lunch?
I lived on a river that in the 80’s, in order to promote angler opportunity, fishery managers decided to open a spring steelhead fishery in April. In years past, by April 15 the river had been shut down to protect winter spawners. The regulatory catch: all steelhead had to be released.
This was in the heart of good-old-boy territory: whack and stack was in their DNA and they’d never heard of the term Catch and Release
The fishing was off the charts: these guys were using bait, fishing over fish on redds as well as hooking springers and early summer run fish. Double digit days were common.
I personally saw the good-old-boy approach to C&R: drag the thrashing fish up on the cobble, yank the hook out, kick the fish back into the river. Rinse and repeat.
I drifted the river in a raft which gave me an opportunity to do my own mortality studies. I lost count of the number of (chrome) bodies I saw in back eddies, giving me new respect for C&R handling techniques.
Scale imbrication is a delicate mosaic on both steelhead and chinook. Scale loss promotes stress and fungal growth.
It seems pretty obvious that a fish landed in a net should be a retained fish.